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Special Animal Fat Substitute (SAFAR) |
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Halal Food Technology
Special Animal Fat
Substitute
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MPOB, the Malaysian Palm
Oil Board developed this technology
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Prima's Production Manager Hisamudin Lasim
was awarded by the National Head of Secretary for the 5-year research
that he had done with Ministry of Palm Oil Board (MPOB).
He's research was about the replacement of animal fat with palm oil
(vegetable oil). In the RND term it would be known as SAFAR (Specialty
Animal Fat Replacer). SAFAR, as stated above was formulated from 100%
refined bleached and deodorized (RBD) Malaysia palm oil. It was made
through blending RBD palm olein and RBD palm stearine (soft) with
an addition of distilled monoglyceride DMG 9000 as the vegetable emulsifier.
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RBD Palm Olein + RBD Palm
Stearine (Soft) + Distilled Monoglyceride DMG (Vegetable Emulsifer)
= SAFAR (Specialty Animal Fat Replacer)
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The Food Regulation of Refined, Bleached
and Deoderized (RBD) Palm Oil
According to the Ministry of Health, Malaysia (MOH) the food regulation
for RBD is as stated below. RBD Palm Sterin Regulation 183 (Food Regulations
1985):
Refined, bleached, deodorized palm stearin shall be the solid fraction
obtained by the fractionation of either crude palm oil, which is subsequently
refined, bleached and deodorized or by the fractionation of refined,
bleached, deodorized palm oil as specified in regulation 196.
RBD Palm Sterin shall have:
| 1. |
An iodine value of from 21.6 to 49.4. |
| 2. |
A saponification value of from 193 to 206 milligrams
of potassium hydroxide per gram. |
| 3. |
A melting point of not less than
44 °C. |
RBD Palm Sterin shall not contain:
| 1. |
0.15 per cent of water and impurities. |
| 2. |
0.20 per cent of free fatty acid(as palmitic
acid). |
RBD Palm Olein Regulation 183
(Food Regulations 1985):
Refined, bleached, deodorized palm olein shall be the liquid fraction
obtained by the process of fractionation of either crude palm oil
which is subsequently refined, bleached and deodorized, or by the
fractionation of refined, bleached, deodorized palm oil as specified
in regulation 196.
RBD Palm Sterin shall not contain:
| 1. |
An iodine value of not less than 56. |
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A saponification value of from 194 to 202 milligrams
potassium hydroxide per gram. |
| 3. |
A melting point of not more than
24°C. |
Why SAFAR?
As in the name Specialty Animal Fat Replacer, we know that it is used
to replace the fat of the animal. But why? The reason is just simple.
Because animal fat is known to contain lots of cholesterol, a substance
to substitute animal fat is needed. Since SAFAR is made from 100%
palm oil (vegetable oil) it contains 0% cholesterol.
The RBD palm oil is a minimal processed palm oil that maintains the
neutral nutrients of carotenes (precursors to Vitamin A) and the antioxidant
tocotrienols (Vitamin E). Typical RBD palm oil has these nutrients
stripped from them resulting in a clear oil. SAFAR is processed with
no solvent extracts or bleaching at low temperatures.
The advantages of SAFAR are stated below:
High Stability to Oxidation
Oil and fats generally are susceptible to attack by atmospheric oxygen,
resulting in rancidity. SAFAR contains a high level of the tocols
(Vitamin E), which are powerful natural antioxidants. It contains
a very low concentration of linoleum acid, the most readily oxidized
components of oils. Therefore, it has exceptional resistance of rancidity.
SAFAR is known for its excellent stability at high temperatures. The
low content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which confers resistance
to rancidity, also makes it less prone to oxidative polymerization.
The formation of polymeric materials is responsible for the increase
in viscosity and for the foaming tendency of heated oil.
Vitamin E (The Tocotienols
Super Anti Oxidants)
Vitamin E is one of the most important phytonutrients in edible oils.
It consists of eight naturally occurring isomers, a family of four
tocopherols (alpha, beta, gamma and delta) and four tocotrienols (alpha,
beta, gamma and delta) homologues. While most Vitamin E supplements
on the market today are composed of the more common tocopherols, tocotrenols
are believed to be a much more potent antioxidant than tocopherols.
Tocotrienols are naturally present in most plants, however they are
found most abundantly in palm oil extracted from palm fruits. Other
sources are rice, wheat germ, oat and barley. It has been proven that
alpha tocotrienols is 40 to 60 times more potent than alpha-tocopherol
in the prevention of lipid per oxidation. It is predicted that tocotrienols
will become recognized as the new super anti-oxidant in the very near
future.
Vitamin A (Carotenes from Natural Palm Oil
is Nature's Most Abundant Source)
In nature, there are approximately 600 known carotenoids, ranging
from yellow orange to red hues and some 50 of these pigments possess
vitamin A activity of varying degrees. Red palm oil is one of the
richest natural plant sources of carotenoids with concentration of
500-700 ppm. It has 15 times more retinol-equivalent than carrots
and 300 times more than tomatoes. No other vegetable oil contains
carotenoids in significant quantities. Analysis shows that alpha and
beta carotenes constitute approximately 90% of the total carotenoid
content.
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